Guillain-Barré syndrome in a patient on adalimumab for the treatment of psoriasis.

The use of TNF-α inhibitors for the treatment of moderate to severe psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis is increasingly more frequent. The authors report a case of Guillain-Barré syndrome as a late manifestation of the treatment with adalimumab. Although unusual, this is relevant for professionals who prescribe biologic drugs. We also stress the importance of investigating the past and family medical history regarding demyelinating diseases before starting treatment.

Guillain-Barré syndrome in a patient on adalimumab for the treatment of psoriasis

Abstract The use of TNF-α inhibitors for the treatment of moderate to severe psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis is increasingly more frequent. The authors report a case of Guillain-Barré syndrome as a late manifestation of the treatment with adalimumab. Although unusual, this is relevant for professionals who prescribe biologic drugs. We also stress the importance of investigating the past and family medical history regarding demyelinating diseases before starting treatment.

Kerion: a importância da sua diferenciação com infecção bacteriana do couro cabeludo: relato de caso / Kerion: the importance of differentiating it from scalp's bacterial infection: case report

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Kerion é uma infecção fúngica inflamatória dos folículos do couro cabeludo e pele ao redor, com aumento de linfonodos regionais. É causada frequentemente por fungos geofílicos e zoofílicos, porém há casos descritos por dermatófitos antropofílicos. Caracteriza-se por placa dolorosa, provocada por intensa reação inflamatória com aparecimento de supuração. Há queda de cabelos, podendo evoluir para alopécia cicatricial definitiva. O objetivo deste estudo foi alertar os médicos quanto ao diagnóstico de kerion em crianças que apresentam placa supurativa em couro cabeludo, diferenciando de infecções bacterianas, já que o tratamento é diferente e o diagnóstico tardio da infecção fúngica pode acarretar alopécia cicatricial.RELATO DO CASO: Paciente do sexo masculino, 5 anos,foi referenciado ao serviço de Dermatologia para avaliação de lesão em placa supurativa no couro cabeludo com evolução de aproximadamente 14 dias. Não apresentava doenças imunossupressoras e não havia história de trauma nem de contato com animais. Referia apenas que brincava frequentemente em contato com terra. Ao exame físico: lesão em placa na região occipitoparietal esquerda eritematosa, dolorosa, com intensa supuração e queda de cabelos localizada, medindo aproximadamente 4 cm de diâmetro. Ausência de drenagem e flutuação. Também apresentava linfonodomegaliacervical posterior esquerda, móvel, indolor, sem drenagem ou hiperemia.CONCLUSÃO: Kerion é uma tinea capitis inflamatória que pode ser confundida com diferentes infecções bacterianas. O diagnóstico é realizado através do exame micológico direto e cultura, podendo ser auxiliado pelo uso da luz de Wood.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Kerion is an inflammatory fungal infection of the scalp and surrounding skin follicles,with an increase in regional lymph nodes. It is often caused by zoophilic and geophilic fungi, however, there are cases described by anthropophilic dermatophytes. It is characterizedby a painful plaque, caused by intense inflammatory reaction with development of suppuration. There is hair loss, which can develop permanent cicatricial alopecia. The objective of this study was to warn doctors regarding Kerion diagnosis in children who present suppurative scalp plaque, differentiating it from bacterial infections, since it requests different treatment, and the late diagnosis of fungal infection may cause permanent cicatricial alopecia.CASE REPORT: Male patient, 5 years-old, was sent to the Dermatology service for evaluation of a suppurative plaque lesion on the scalp with approximately 14 days of development. He had no immunosuppressive diseases and no history of trauma or animal contact. He simply states that often plays in contact with soil. On physical examination: erythematous, painful, with intense suppuration and localized hair loss plaque lesion on the left occipitoparietal region,measuring approximately 4 cm in diameter. There is no drainage or fluctuation. He did also presented painless and movable left posterior cervical lymphadenomegaly without drainage or hyperemia.CONCLUSION: Kerion is an inflammatory tinea capitis that can be confused with various different bacterial infections. The diagnosis is made through direct mycological exam and culture, and it can be aided by the utilization of Wood's lamp.

Do you know this syndrome? / Você conhece esta síndrome?

Piloleiomyoma, a benign smooth-muscle tumor arising from the arrectores pilorum muscles of the skin, affects males and females in the third decade of life. It presents as asymmetrical, reddish-brown nodules or papules with a firm consistency, predominantly located on the limbs. When multiple lesions are present, they may be tender or painful. Their association with uterine fibroids, referred to as Reed syndrome or familial leiomyomatosis cutis et uteri, is rare and may be associated with renal cell carcinoma. The approach consists of surgical excision in cases presenting few lesions and pharmacological treatment if symptomatic. The present paper describes a case of Reed syndrome in which a decision was made to monitor the patient in view of the absence of symptoms.

Tumor benigno de tecido muscular, o piloleiomioma tem origem no músculo eretor do pelo, atingindo ambos os sexos geralmente na terceira década de vida. Apresenta-se como nódulo-pápulas assimétricas nas extremidades, de cor eritêmato-acastanhada e de consistência firme. As lesões, quando múltiplas, podem ser sensíveis ou dolorosas. Sua associação com miomas uterinos, denominada de síndrome de Reed ou leiomiomatose cutis et uteri, é apresentação rara, podendo estar associada a carcinoma de células renais. A abordagem é cirúrgica em casos isolados e medicamentosa se houver sintomas. Relatamos um caso de síndrome de Reed em que se optou por acompanhamento pela ausência de sintomatologia.

Disseminated hypertrophic lichen planus: relevant response to acitretin.

Hyperthrofic lichen planus is considered a variant of lichen planus with marked epidermal hyperplasia in response to persistent itch. It is clinically, characterized by symmetric hyperkeratotic plaques, of purplish-grey color, often located in the pretibial region. Intense pruritus, refractoriness to conventional treatments and the possibility of association of the long-term injuries with squamous cell carcinoma requires an effective treatment. The first-line treatment is corticosteroids which can be applied either topically or systemically. Other therapeutic modalities proposed are: NB-UVB phototherapy or PUVA, immunosuppressive drugs and systemic retinoids, notably acitretin. We report a case with exuberant clinical presentation of hyperthrofic lichen planus with excellent response to acitretin after nine months of treatment.

Líquen plano hipertrófico disseminado: relevante resposta à acitretina / Disseminated hypertrophic lichen planus: relevant response to acitretin

O líquen plano hipertrófico é uma variante do líquen plano, com pronunciada hiperplasia epidérmica em resposta à coçadura persistente. Clinicamente, caracterizam-se por placas hiperceratósicas, simétricas, de coloração cinza-violácea, com predileção pela região pré-tibial. O prurido intenso, a refratariedade aos tratamentos convencionais e a possibilidade de associação de um carcinoma epidermoide às lesões de longa duração impõem um tratamento eficaz. Os corticoides são considerados o tratamento de primeira linha e podem ser aplicados topicamente ou empregados de forma sistêmica. Outras modalidades terapêuticas propostas são a fototerapia com UVB-NB ou PUVA, imunossupressores e retinoides sistêmicos, com destaque para a acitretina. Relatamos um caso com apresentação clínica exuberante e excelente resposta à acitretin, totalizando um seguimento de nove meses.

Hyperthrofic lichen planus is considered a variant of lichen planus with marked epidermal hyperplasia in response to persistent itch. It is clinically, characterized by symmetric hyperkeratotic plaques, of purplish-grey color, often located in the pretibial region. Intense pruritus, refractoriness to conventional treatments and the possibility of association of the long-term injuries with squamous cell carcinoma requires an effective treatment. The first-line treatment is corticosteroids which can be applied either topically or systemically. Other therapeutic modalities proposed are: NB-UVB phototherapy or PUVA, immunosuppressive drugs and systemic retinoids, notably acitretin. We report a case with exuberant clinical presentation of hyperthrofic lichen planus with excellent response to acitretin after nine months of treatment.

[Do you know this syndrome? Piloleiomyoma]. / Você conhece esta síndrome? Piloleiomioma.

Piloleiomyoma, a benign smooth-muscle tumor arising from the arrectores pilorum muscles of the skin, affects males and females in the third decade of life. It presents as asymmetrical, reddish-brown nodules or papules with a firm consistency, predominantly located on the limbs. When multiple lesions are present, they may be tender or painful. Their association with uterine fibroids, referred to as Reed syndrome or familial leiomyomatosis cutis et uteri, is rare and may be associated with renal cell carcinoma. The approach consists of surgical excision in cases presenting few lesions and pharmacological treatment if symptomatic. The present paper describes a case of Reed syndrome in which a decision was made to monitor the patient in view of the absence of symptoms.